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Regime imposes travel restrictions on military conscription age men

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Myanmar migrant workers depart for Thailand at a jetty in Kawthaung, Tanintharyi Region, on Oct. 17, 2022. (Credit: Regime media)

Men, aged 18 to 35, who are eligible for military service under the regime’s conscription law, will no longer be allowed to sign contracts for work abroad effective Friday, overseas employment agencies told the BBC. 

“The restriction only affects men,” said an agent in Yangon. The issuance of Overseas Worker Identification Cards (OWIC) is also expected to be limited with the new restriction in place. 

Migrant workers from Myanmar who had already signed contracts before Jan. 30 are still allowed to leave for overseas employment, according to the agencies.

Under the 1999 Foreign Employment Law, migrant workers must hold an OWIC with a five-year term to travel overseas. This card contains detailed information about the holder, which is kept by the regime Ministry of Labour.

Eighteen to 35-year-old males are required to serve in the military for at least two years, and up to five years in the case of an “emergency.” Myanmar has been in a state of emergency since the military coup on Feb. 1, 2021.

Professionals such as doctors or engineers could serve up to age 45 under the conscription law. Men of eligible military service age reportedly face restrictions on leaving the country with a visitation passport.

Currently, any men working under a Memoranda of Understanding (MOU) are also subject to similar restrictions. The regime is sending workers to regional countries, including Thailand, Japan and South Korea, under an MOU. 

“If the government stops issuing permits for workers within the working age, no country will hire older workers. All contracts are being suspended and refunds are still pending,” said an agency official, referring to the regime in Naypyidaw which seized power after the 2021 coup.

Most of the regime’s taxes come from workers abroad and this restriction is seen as cutting off their own revenue. 

On Sept. 1, 2023, the regime mandated migrant workers to open a joint account with a bank regulated by the regime Central Bank of Myanmar (CBM) before departure. 

Workers must remit 25 percent of their salaries monthly, via regime-controlled banks, or quarterly into an account which allows the regime to access. Those who fail to comply will be denied passport extensions and OWIC, and may face future travel bans.

Last November, the regime formed a supervisory committee to enforce remittance rules by pressuring employment agencies to report on workers who fail to remit the money.

Migrant workers from Myanmar traditionally use hundi, an informal system where agents charge a small fee and convert money at the market rate of 4,000 MMK to $1 USD. 

Since the new remittance rules require conversion at the CBM exchange rate of 2,100 MMK to $1 USD, or the affiliate bank rate of 3,000 MMK to $1 USD, the value of migrant workers’ earnings have dropped significantly. 

The regime Ministry of Labor failed to respond to the BBC regarding these latest restrictions before publication.

Lashio still under Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army control despite reports of impending retreat

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Several homes were destroyed by airstrikes in Lashio, northern Shan State, on Sept. 24. (Credit: Lashio Reconstruction)

A member of the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) administration in Lashio told DVB that the northern Shan State regional capital was still under its control on Thursday, denying media reports that its forces will withdraw by the end of June as stipulated in the China-brokered ceasefire agreement signed with the regime on Jan. 18. 

“There are no troop movements and everything is normal. But we cannot predict what will happen between now and June,” the official told DVB. Lashio is located 107 miles (172 km) south of the Myanmar-China border town of Muse, in northern Shan State, and 243 miles (391 km) north of the Shan State capital Taunggyi in southern Shan.

The Myanmar Now news agency reported that a “Chinese government delegate” announced the withdrawal of MNDAA forces from Lashio at a Lunar New Year festival opening ceremony on Tuesday. 

Media reports quoted an anonymous Chinese researcher “familiar” with negotiations that took place between the MNDAA and the regime in Kunming earlier this month, saying that the MNDAA would complete a phased withdrawal from Lashio before the end of June.

Residents of Lashio are celebrating the Lunar Chinese New Year, which ends in February. MNDAA forces have been conducting routine security patrols, according to a member of the Freedom Youth Volunteers, a Lashio-based humanitarian organization founded in 2021 after the military coup.

The MNDAA took full control of Lashio after it seized the Northeastern Regional Military Command (RMC) headquarters on Aug. 3. The military has reportedly carried out over 30 airstrikes on Lashio since the town fell to MNDAA forces.

The regime and the MNDAA signed a formal ceasefire agreement during the second round of China-brokered talks in Kunming on Jan. 18

Details over whether areas under MNDAA control would remain under its control, including Laukkai in the Kokang Self-Administered Zone (SAZ), as well as the China-Myanmar border towns of Chinshwehaw, Monekoe, Hpawnghseng, Konkyan, Pan Lon, Kunlong, Hsenwi (Theinni), Tamoenye and Pang Hseng, were not made public.

Following the ceasefire, the United Wa State Army (UWSA) granted permission for the free passage of goods through “Wa State” – known officially as the Wa Self-Administered Division – to the Kokang SAZ townships of Konkyan and Laukkai in northern Shan State on Jan. 20.

But residents in most townships in northern Shan along the Myanmar-China border say that there has been no significant drop in the price of commodities.

“[China] has restricted the entry of electronics like computers and solar panels into Myanmar. Only oil, food and clothing are allowed, so the prices of oil and edible oils entering Lashio from China have slightly decreased,” said a Lashio resident. 

The prices of most food items at the markets near the Myanmar-China border have not decreased due to restrictions imposed at regime-controlled border gates, added the Lashio resident.

A call to defend Myanmar’s democracy and demand the release of Aung San Suu Kyi

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A lone female demonstrator holds a sign with the word "Suu” to raise awareness about the continued detention of Myanmar's State Counsellor who has been held since the military coup on Feb. 1, 2021, to commemorate Aung San Suu Kyi's 79th birthday on June 19, 2024. (Credit: Octopus)

Guest contributors

Alan Clements & Fergus Harlow

Democracy is under attack—and Myanmar is the front line. A brutal military dictatorship has imprisoned its elected leaders, waged war against its own people, and turned the nation into a battlefield of terror.

At the center of this struggle is Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar’s democratically-elected leader and a Nobel Peace Prize laureate. She has spent 15 years under house arrest and is now in her fourth year of solitary confinement—locked in a windowless, rat-infested cell, deprived of medical care, legal representation, and even the most basic right of visitation.

Meanwhile, Myanmar is fighting for its very survival:

  • Over 21,000 political prisoners languish in jail.
  • More than 10,000 innocent civilians have been slaughtered—many in targeted airstrikes on schools, churches, monasteries, and orphanages.
  • Over two million people have been displaced from their homes, with thousands facing starvation.

The junta’s brutal campaign of bombings, executions, and mass arrests has devastated the country. Yet the people refuse to submit. They are still fighting.

And they need the world to stand with them.

Aung San Suu Kyi: A voice for democracy, silenced

Aung San Suu Kyi is Myanmar’s Nelson Mandela—a leader who has sacrificed everything for her country’s democratic rights. Adored by 90 percent of Myanmar’s population for her wisdom and moral courage, she remains an unbreakable symbol of hope and resistance.

She has endured relentless persecution:

  • Numerous death threats.
  • Close colleagues tortured to death.
  • Others were executed for standing beside her.

Yet she has never wavered. Recognized alongside global icons like Václav Havel and Ronald Reagan, she has spent her life fighting for human rights—despite the unbearable cost.

  • She won multiple elections by a landslide—including the 2020 election, which the military brazenly ignored.
  • She spent decades under house arrest for demanding democracy.
  • She has been falsely accused of crimes—a desperate ploy by the junta to justify its dictatorship.

Even in captivity, her spirit remains unbroken.

Yet Western governments and media abandoned her when she needed them most. This betrayal emboldened the military to launch its 2021 coup, plunging Myanmar into its darkest era in decades.

But Aung San Suu Kyi remains defiant. She has outlasted her captors, endured solitary confinement, and refused to bow to tyranny.

She cannot fight this battle alone.

Who will summon the moral courage to stand for truth?

The world must stand with Aung San Suu Kyi. The world must stand with Myanmar.

Why this matters to the world

Myanmar’s crisis is not an isolated event. It is a test for democracy everywhere. If the world allows a violent coup to erase the will of 52 million people, it sets a precedent for dictatorships worldwide.

The junta’s war against its people is also fueling a growing global crisis:

1. Myanmar’s military is flooding the world with drugs

Myanmar has become the epicenter of the world’s deadliest drug trade. With backing from rogue elements within China, the military regime has transformed the country into a global hub for fentanyl, heroin, and methamphetamine.

These drugs are flooding the U.S., Europe, Thailand, Australia, and Japan, fueling addiction crises, overwhelming law enforcement, and devastating communities.

2. China’s strategic takeover of Myanmar threatens global stability

China shields Myanmar’s dictatorship to expand its power.

At the heart of this alliance—central to Beijing’s Belt and Road Initiative—are China’s billion-dollar infrastructure projects, including:

  • Oil and gas pipelines from the Bay of Bengal to Yunnan Province.
  • A deep-sea port for China’s navy in Myanmar.

These projects bypass the Malacca Strait, tighten Beijing’s grip, and push Myanmar closer to becoming a Chinese province.

If Myanmar falls fully under China’s control:

  • U.S. influence in Southeast Asia will collapse.
  • India’s security will be threatened.
  • China’s military footprint will expand across the Indo-Pacific.

If the world fails to act, it won’t just betray Myanmar—it will surrender Southeast Asia to authoritarian rule.

The time to act Is now

History will judge our response. The U.S. and its allies must act immediately to restore democracy in Myanmar:

  • Demand Aung San Suu Kyi’s Immediate Release – Without her freedom, there is no democracy in Myanmar. Hold the junta accountable with maximum sanctions.
  • Secure a Nationwide Peace Accord – Support a federal democracy to empower the people and end dictatorship.
  • Designate the junta as a terrorist organization – Freeze their international assets and cut off financial lifelines.
  • Expose China’s role – hold Beijing accountable for backing the junta and enabling war crimes.
  • Dismantle the Myanmar-China drug trade – crack down on the fentanyl, heroin, and meth fueling global addiction and financing the junta’s terror.
  • Leverage U.S. economic and diplomatic power – Use sanctions and economic pressure to weaken the junta’s networks.
  • Strengthen humanitarian assistance – Increase aid for refugees, political prisoners, and Myanmar’s resistance movement.
  • Pressure ASEAN to act – ASEAN has failed to hold the junta accountable. The U.S. must demand real action—not just empty rhetoric.

The time for words is over. The world must act—now.

The fate of democracy is in our hands

This is not just about Myanmar—it is about the survival of democracy itself. If the world stays silent, it signals that coups succeed, dictatorships thrive, and democracy is expendable.

We cannot let Myanmar become the graveyard of global freedom.

The U.S. must lead. Not just in words—but in action.

The world must choose: Stand with Myanmar, or surrender to tyranny.

History will remember who had the courage to act—and who stood by in silence.


Alan Clements is an author, investigative journalist, and former Buddhist monk ordained in Myanmar, where he lived for years immersed in the country’s spiritual and political landscapes. He is the author of Burma: The Next Killing Fields? and The Voice of Hope, co-authored with Aung San Suu Kyi, as well as the four-volume Burma’s Voices of Freedom and Aung San Suu Kyi From Prison and a Letter to a Dictator. His decades-long work focuses on Myanmar’s ongoing struggle for democracy, human rights, and spiritual resilience.

Fergus Harlow is a writer, scholar, and human rights advocate. He co-authored Burma’s Voices of Freedom and Aung San Suu Kyi From Prison and a Letter to a Dictator, providing an in-depth exploration of Myanmar’s political crises and the resilience of its people. Harlow’s work centers on the intersections of democracy, spirituality, and global human rights.

DVB publishes a diversity of opinions that does not reflect DVB editorial policy. We’d like to hear what you think about this or any of our stories: [email protected]

Military sends in reinforcements to Karen State; Myanmar nationals arrested for ‘illegal’ school in Thailand

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The Karen National Liberation Army, and allied resistance forces, seized the Taungthonelone military base in Mutraw (Hpapun) District, Karen State, on Dec. 11. (Credit: Bamar People's Liberation Army)

Military sends in reinforcements to Karen State 

An anonymous source in the Karen National Union (KNU) Brigade 5 Mutraw (Hpapun) District of Karen State told DVB that the military has sent reinforcements to its Kamamaung base, located in Mutraw (Hpapun) Township. Fighting between the KNU armed wing, the Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA), and the military there began Dec. 29. Mutraw is located 110 miles (177 km) north of the state capital Hpa-An. 

The source added that all military personnel left the Kataingti base, which is also in Mutraw, after the KNLA and its allied resistance forces attacked it. “The Kataingti base is now empty. After [regime troops] abandoned the base, they moved through the jungle and hid in the villages. The military has conducted air support consistently,” he told DVB. 

The military has more than 10 bases still operational within KNU-controlled Mutraw (Hpapun) District, including Kamamaung and Kataingti, as well as smaller outposts located in the northern part of the district. On Dec. 11, the KNLA seized the military’s Taungthonelone and Sinswe artillery bases, which are located along the Mutraw-Kamamaung Road.

UN warns Myanmar now faces ‘polycrisis’ 

A new report by the U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) released on Wednesday states that Burma is facing an unprecedented “polycrisis” four years after the 2021 military coup, adding that this has been marked by economic collapse, intensifying conflict, climate hazards and widespread poverty. 

“The coming year will test Myanmar’s resilience to its limits,” the UNDP report warned. “A more stable and peaceful Myanmar that thrives on a legal economy, protects [its] human and natural resource assets and invests in the safety and prosperity of all its people is also in the self-interest of its neighbours and the international community writ large,” the report added. 

The U.N. has documented 3.7 million youth from Burma migrating to Thailand by 2023, where exploitation and forced labour are risks due to restrictive legal migration pathways. Those who remain in Burma are at risk of being forcefully conscripted into the military. But the report does recognize the resilience of people in Burma and the potential of civil society organizations to keep social cohesion in the country.

Myanmar nationals arrested for ‘illegal’ school in Thailand

Police in Surat Thani Province of southern Thailand have arrested four Burma nationals for allegedly operating an illegal Burmese language school for 190 children, aged 3 to 12, inside the Koh Phangan International Church on Koh Phangan island on Tuesday. Thai media reported that two of the suspects face charges for working without a permit.

Charoenchai Boonkliang, an investigative inspector of Surat Thani police,  said that they are searching for the owner of the school, and are investigating if the parents of the children have work permits. He added that the school had been operating for six months and charged 300 Thai baht per day ($8 USD) per student. 

The Thai Education Ministry has ordered local authorities in Surat Thani and Tak Province, on the Thai-Burma border, to investigate illegal Burmese language learning centers after shutting down six in southern Thailand in September. It added that Thai schools could accommodate children from Burma but enrollment was challenging for those with undocumented parents.

Chiang Mai residents and tourists snap photos among the red lanterns during Chinese Lunar New Year in northern Thailand on Jan. 29. (Credit: DVB)

News by Region

ARAKAN—Residents living in areas under the control of the Arakan Army (AA) and its political wing, the United League of Arakan (ULA), told DVB that it has been building up its administration in the 14 townships of Arakan, and Paletwa Township of southern Chinland, which have come under AA control since it launched an offensive on Nov. 13, 2023

“It operates an administration, a judiciary, reconstruction works and provides security,” a Mrauk-U Township resident told DVB. A Maungdaw Township resident added that the AA has been allowing Muslim residents to operate businesses with the freedom to travel. Three townships in Arakan remain under regime control: the state capital Sittwe, the island of Manaung and the deep-sea port of Kyaukphyu.  

AYEYARWADY—The military arrested two business people and seized the fuel and goods they were selling in Mayancho village of Thabaung Township on Tuesday. They were allegedly selling items, including fuel, to the People’s Defense Force (PDF). Thabaung is located 28 miles (45 km) south of the regional capital Pathein. 

“Since they are businessmen they have to sell their goods to any [customer],” a Thabaung resident told DVB on the condition of anonymity. The two traders were held by police for one day before being sent to the police station in Thabaung to face charges, according to an anonymous source close to the military.

SHAN—The Kachin Independence Army (KIA) and the Ta’ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) announced that the two ethnic armed groups are negotiating territorial disputes after the TNLA allegedly attacked a KIA office in Mantong Township in northern Shan State, located 100 miles (160 km) north of Lashio. The TNLA is accused of demanding the KIA withdraw from Mantong and Kutkai, located 47 miles (75 km) north of Lashio. 

“This issue comes from misunderstandings between troops on the ground. We are working to negotiate between both sides,” Lway Yay Oo, the TNLA spokesperson, told Kachin News Group (KNG). “Creating problems between each other won’t solve anything. That’s why we always say it’s better to negotiate peacefully to prevent the current problems from escalating,” Naw Bu, the KIA spokesperson, told KNG.

(Exchange rate: $1 USD = 4,530 MMK)

David Mathieson on 4 years since the Myanmar military coup (Part 1) – [AUDIO]

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This is part one of the DVB Newsroom interview with David Mathieson, an Independent analyst on human rights and conflict in Myanmar. He discusses the situation in Myanmar four years after the 2021 military coup. We recorded this interview before China brokered a ceasefire agreement between the regime in Naypyidaw and the Three Brotherhood Alliance’s Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) on Jan. 18.

The National Unity Government (NUG) President’s Office spokesperson Kyaw Zaw responded to Mathieson’s comments made in this interview: “We [didn’t] say that we control two thirds of the country. We say that resistance forces control two thirds of the countries. We [didn’t] say that we fully control and govern 144 townships. We’re saying that the resistance forces control, and we didn’t say that we fully control 95 townships, towns and cities. We clearly say that [the People’s Defense Force captured] and control eight towns and cities out of 95.”

Watch DVB Newsroom on DVB English News YouTube or Spotify. Listen on Apple Podcasts, YouTube Music, Audible, Amazon Music or wherever you get podcasts.

David Mathieson on 4 years since the Myanmar military coup (Pt 1)

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David Mathieson joined DVB Newsroom to discuss the situation in Myanmar four years after the 2021 military coup on Jan. 16. (Credit: DVB)

This is part one of the DVB Newsroom interview with David Mathieson, an independent analyst on human rights and conflict in Myanmar. In it, he discusses the situation in Myanmar four years after the 2021 military coup. We recorded this interview before China brokered a ceasefire agreement between the regime in Naypyidaw and the Three Brotherhood Alliance’s Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) on Jan. 18.

The National Unity Government (NUG) President’s Office spokesperson Kyaw Zaw responded to Mathieson’s comments made in this interview: “We [didn’t] say that we control two thirds of the country. We say that resistance forces control two thirds of the countries. We [didn’t] say that we fully control and govern 144 townships. We’re saying that the resistance forces control, and we didn’t say that we fully control 95 townships, towns and cities. We clearly say that [the People’s Defense Force captured] and control eight towns and cities out of 95.”

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